All Article Summaries

Traditionally, nations harmonized their own regulation of new technologies with the rules of other nations through negotiation of international treaties. "Soft law" tools such as private standards and codes of conduct are less resource-intensive than treaties.

Weaponized narrative, the use of disinformation to undermine opponents, is increasingly important to national security. The United States lags behind Russia, China, and other powers in using weaponized narrative.

Technology and advances in psychology make it possible for other nations and groups to use “weaponized” narratives to undermine their adversaries. Increasingly, Russia and China are using these methods against the United States.

Nations like Russia now use “hybrid warfare” to weaken opponents without using conventional military methods. The rise of new methods of attack make “military artificial intelligence” hard to define. Rules based on traditional ideas of what is “military” will be obsolete.

For older people, cars are an important symbol of personal freedom, and they are unlikely to embrace self-driving cars; commercial services and millennials will adopt autonomous vehicles first.

Attempting to compare human intelligence to machine intelligence is often incoherent. Human intelligence is not well understood, and human behavior is often irrational.

The military forces of the United States are stronger than those of any other power; conflict is forced into other areas, such as financial markets. This is called "new generation warfare" or "hybrid warfare."